There is little, if any, evidence of corrosion in ancient iron structures. The reason may be due to the clean atmosphere of the past few hundred years, which makes the iron surface attached to a very thin oxide layer. The oxide layer often plays a protective role, and even can resist the destructive effect of industrial pollutants with strong erosivity nowadays. The initial corrosion state is often an important condition to determine the life of metal.
In Europe and India, iron is smelted in a small charcoal burning blacksmith's furnace, which can only produce 8-10kg forged iron pieces in a single furnace. China's iron development is different. As early as 200 B.C., the Chinese began to use anthracite, which enabled them to produce iron castings for use.
In the 18th century, it was generally recognized that it was necessary to prevent steel corrosion. The first report on modern antirust paint was published in the Journal of dinglars comprehensive technology in 1822. The report recommends the use of varnish, gum or vegetable oil on steel surfaces. It seems to have been recognized in 1847 that thorough cleaning of metal surfaces before coating is essential for good painting techniques.
The Eiffel Tower in Paris is frequently cited as a typical example of preventing atmospheric corrosion. In those days, thin and narrow steel bars needed a high quality red lead primer to prevent corrosion. The finish is linseed oil and lead white, followed by iron oxide and iron oxide paint containing mica.
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